1 00:00:04,900 --> 00:00:06,266 [coin clinks] 2 00:00:06,266 --> 00:00:08,467 [motor whirring] 3 00:00:10,567 --> 00:00:14,166 [motor whirring] 4 00:00:14,166 --> 00:00:16,600 - OH, MAN, I CAN NEVER WIN THESE THINGS. 5 00:00:16,600 --> 00:00:18,266 THE CLAW'S NOT STRONG OR PRECISE ENOUGH 6 00:00:18,266 --> 00:00:19,867 TO GET ME THE PRIZES THAT I WANT. 7 00:00:19,867 --> 00:00:21,433 BUT NASA HAS A ROBOTIC ARM 8 00:00:21,433 --> 00:00:23,266 THAT MAKES THE CRANE GAME A CAKEWALK 9 00:00:23,266 --> 00:00:24,767 AND ON A MUCH BIGGER SCALE. 10 00:00:24,767 --> 00:00:27,300 FIND OUT MORE NEXT ON "REAL WORLD." 11 00:00:35,133 --> 00:00:37,033 WITHOUT ROBOTICS, MAJOR ACCOMPLISHMENTS 12 00:00:37,033 --> 00:00:39,367 OF BUILDING THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, 13 00:00:39,367 --> 00:00:40,934 REPAIRING SATELLITES IN SPACE, 14 00:00:40,934 --> 00:00:43,100 AND EXPLORING OTHER WORLDS WOULD NOT BE POSSIBLE. 15 00:00:43,100 --> 00:00:44,633 ROBOTIC ARMS AND HANDS ARE USED 16 00:00:44,633 --> 00:00:46,333 ON THE SPACE SHUTTLE AND THE SPACE STATION 17 00:00:46,333 --> 00:00:48,867 TO BUILD, REPAIR, INVESTIGATE, AND MORE. 18 00:00:48,867 --> 00:00:50,633 THE SHUTTLE REMOTE MANIPULATOR SYSTEM, 19 00:00:50,633 --> 00:00:52,066 ALSO KNOWN AS CANADARM, 20 00:00:52,066 --> 00:00:54,500 MANEUVERS PAYLOADS FROM THE SHUTTLE BAY OF THE ORBITER 21 00:00:54,500 --> 00:00:56,533 SO THE LOADS CAN BE TRANSFERRED TO THE ISS 22 00:00:56,533 --> 00:00:57,900 OR LAUNCHED INTO ORBIT. 23 00:00:57,900 --> 00:00:59,433 THE ARM ALSO CONTAINS INSTRUMENTS 24 00:00:59,433 --> 00:01:01,867 TO HELP INSPECT THE EXTERIOR OF THE SHUTTLE FOR DAMAGE. 25 00:01:01,867 --> 00:01:04,800 AND ASTRONAUTS CAN BE TETHERED, OR ANCHORED, TO THE ARM 26 00:01:04,800 --> 00:01:08,667 DURING EXTRA-VEHICULAR ACTIVITIES, OR SPACEWALKS. 27 00:01:08,667 --> 00:01:11,333 LET'S SIZE UP THIS GIGANTIC ROBOTIC ARM. 28 00:01:11,333 --> 00:01:14,000 CANADARM WEIGHS A BIT MORE THAN 410 KILOGRAMS 29 00:01:14,000 --> 00:01:15,600 AND IS 15 METERS LONG. 30 00:01:15,600 --> 00:01:17,000 WHEN THE ARM IS ON EARTH, 31 00:01:17,000 --> 00:01:19,500 THE MOTORS ARE UNABLE TO LIFT THE ARM'S OWN WEIGHT. 32 00:01:19,500 --> 00:01:21,033 BUT IN SPACE, THE ROBOTIC HANDS 33 00:01:21,033 --> 00:01:25,533 CAN LIFT A MASSIVE 29,484 KILOGRAMS. 34 00:01:25,533 --> 00:01:28,133 THAT'S A WHOPPING 65,000 POUNDS. 35 00:01:28,133 --> 00:01:30,166 BUT IF YOU THINK THAT'S SOME HEAVY LIFTING, 36 00:01:30,166 --> 00:01:33,567 CHECK OUT THE SRMS'S BIG BROTHER, CANADARM2, 37 00:01:33,567 --> 00:01:34,967 THE REMOTE MANIPULATOR SYSTEM 38 00:01:34,967 --> 00:01:36,834 ON BOARD THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. 39 00:01:36,834 --> 00:01:38,700 THE EVEN MORE AWESOME CANADARM2 40 00:01:38,700 --> 00:01:41,667 CAN HOLD UP TO 116,000 KILOGRAMS. 41 00:01:41,667 --> 00:01:44,200 THAT'S ALMOST FOUR TIMES AS MUCH AS THE SHUTTLE ARM. 42 00:01:44,200 --> 00:01:46,033 AND CANADARM2 IS SLIGHTLY LONGER, 43 00:01:46,033 --> 00:01:48,533 ABOUT 17.6 METERS LONG. 44 00:01:48,533 --> 00:01:50,967 THE ISS IS ABOUT 109 METERS LONG, 45 00:01:50,967 --> 00:01:53,300 SO A UNIQUE ENGINEERING DESIGN ON CANADARM2 46 00:01:53,300 --> 00:01:54,600 ALLOWS ASTRONAUTS TO REACH 47 00:01:54,600 --> 00:01:56,934 JUST ABOUT EVERY POINT ON THE SPACE STATION. 48 00:01:56,934 --> 00:01:58,834 BUT WAIT. HOW IS THAT POSSIBLE? 49 00:01:58,834 --> 00:02:00,100 IT'S MADE OUT OF ALUMINUM, 50 00:02:00,100 --> 00:02:01,734 WHICH ISN'T VERY STRETCHY MATERIAL. 51 00:02:01,734 --> 00:02:05,033 I'LL LET OUR ON-ORBIT ASTRONAUT BILL MCARTHUR EXPLAIN. 52 00:02:05,033 --> 00:02:07,100 - THIS IS WHAT OUR ARM LOOKS LIKE. 53 00:02:07,100 --> 00:02:09,633 IT HAS TWO END EFFECTORS, 54 00:02:09,633 --> 00:02:12,700 AND EACH OF THEM HAS THREE JOINTS. 55 00:02:12,700 --> 00:02:14,500 THEY'RE IDENTICAL. 56 00:02:14,500 --> 00:02:17,000 AND THEN IT HAS ONE JOINT IN THE CENTER 57 00:02:17,000 --> 00:02:19,567 FOR A TOTAL OF SEVEN JOINTS. 58 00:02:19,567 --> 00:02:21,900 AND THAT ALLOWS US TO DO SEVERAL THINGS 59 00:02:21,900 --> 00:02:23,934 THAT ARE VERY, VERY INTERESTING. 60 00:02:23,934 --> 00:02:27,600 ONE IS, IT MEANS THAT EITHER ONE OF THE ENDS 61 00:02:27,600 --> 00:02:29,200 CAN BE THE BASE. 62 00:02:29,200 --> 00:02:34,433 BASICALLY, WE ANCHOR THE SSRMS TO ONE LOCATION, 63 00:02:34,433 --> 00:02:36,633 AND THEN USING IT JUST LIKE AN ARM, 64 00:02:36,633 --> 00:02:39,667 WE'RE ABLE TO EXTEND IT, MOVE AROUND, 65 00:02:39,667 --> 00:02:42,100 GRASP OBJECTS, LIFT THEM UP, 66 00:02:42,100 --> 00:02:43,467 REPOSITION THEM, 67 00:02:43,467 --> 00:02:46,133 AND INSTALL THEM IN DIFFERENT LOCATIONS. 68 00:02:46,133 --> 00:02:50,200 NOW, BECAUSE BOTH OF THE END EFFECTORS ARE IDENTICAL, 69 00:02:50,200 --> 00:02:52,900 THE BASE AND THE TIP, 70 00:02:52,900 --> 00:02:55,867 WE CAN ACTUALLY REVERSE THEM, 71 00:02:55,867 --> 00:02:59,934 AND THE TIP CAN BECOME THE BASE, 72 00:02:59,934 --> 00:03:02,667 AND THE BASE CAN BECOME THE TIP. 73 00:03:02,667 --> 00:03:04,367 AND WHAT THAT ALLOWS US TO DO 74 00:03:04,367 --> 00:03:08,800 IS TO MOVE THE ARM TO DIFFERENT LOCATIONS. 75 00:03:08,800 --> 00:03:13,633 AND SO WE COULD HAVE THE ARM IN ONE LOCATION. 76 00:03:13,633 --> 00:03:17,367 WE COULD MOVE IT TO ANOTHER LOCATION, 77 00:03:17,367 --> 00:03:20,133 MAKE THE BASE THE TIP, THE TIP THE BASE, 78 00:03:20,133 --> 00:03:23,166 AND THEN WE COULD MOVE IT AGAIN. 79 00:03:23,166 --> 00:03:26,834 AND THAT WAY, WE'RE ABLE TO ACTUALLY POSITION THE ARM 80 00:03:26,834 --> 00:03:30,333 AT DIFFERENT WORK SITES AROUND THE SPACE STATION. 81 00:03:30,333 --> 00:03:32,700 - COMBINED WITH THE TRACKS ALONG THE LENGTH OF THE STATION, 82 00:03:32,700 --> 00:03:34,567 STRATEGICALLY PLACED GRAPPLE FIXTURES 83 00:03:34,567 --> 00:03:37,600 PUT MOST OF THE ISS WITHIN REACH OF THE LONG ROBOTIC ARM. 84 00:03:37,600 --> 00:03:40,300 NOW, CANADARM2 MAY BE A POWERFUL ROBOTIC INCHWORM, 85 00:03:40,300 --> 00:03:41,867 BUT IT'S NOT AUTONOMOUS. 86 00:03:41,867 --> 00:03:44,300 THAT MEANS IT STILL NEEDS TO BE CONTROLLED BY HUMANS. 87 00:03:44,300 --> 00:03:47,433 AND THIS CONTROLLING IS DONE AT ONE OF THE WORKSTATIONS. 88 00:03:47,433 --> 00:03:49,900 AS YOU CAN SEE, THE WORKSTATION HAS SEVERAL MONITORS 89 00:03:49,900 --> 00:03:53,033 AND INPUT DEVICES--KEYBOARDS AND JOYSTICKS--HOOKED UP, 90 00:03:53,033 --> 00:03:54,667 SO THEY CAN CONTROL THE MOTION OF THE ARM 91 00:03:54,667 --> 00:03:56,200 WITH THE JOYSTICKS AND LAPTOPS 92 00:03:56,200 --> 00:03:58,467 AND KEEP AN EYE ON THEIR WORK WITH THE NUMEROUS MONITORS 93 00:03:58,467 --> 00:04:00,467 MOUNTED ON THE OUTSIDE OF THE ISS 94 00:04:00,467 --> 00:04:02,934 AND CANADARM2 ITSELF. 95 00:04:02,934 --> 00:04:04,667 IT'S KIND OF LIKE A REALLY BIG GAMING RIG 96 00:04:04,667 --> 00:04:05,834 IF YOU THINK ABOUT IT 97 00:04:05,834 --> 00:04:07,333 OR A REALLY BIG CLAW MACHINE, 98 00:04:07,333 --> 00:04:09,233 MAYBE EVEN WITH A LITTLE HELPER ON THE CLAW. 99 00:04:09,233 --> 00:04:11,100 - WELL, GOSH, YOU KNOW, I'VE TALKED A LOT ABOUT, 100 00:04:11,100 --> 00:04:14,233 SORT OF IN GENERAL TERMS, HOW WE OPERATE THIS ARM, 101 00:04:14,233 --> 00:04:17,233 HOW WE--THE IMAGES WE GET. 102 00:04:17,233 --> 00:04:19,867 WELL, WHAT DO WE ACTUALLY DO WITH IT? 103 00:04:19,867 --> 00:04:22,066 WELL, IT IS A ROBOT. 104 00:04:22,066 --> 00:04:24,467 YOU KNOW, ROBOTS ARE DESIGNED 105 00:04:24,467 --> 00:04:28,166 TO HELP PEOPLE DO PRODUCTIVE WORK. 106 00:04:28,166 --> 00:04:33,667 EVERY ELEMENT OF THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 107 00:04:33,667 --> 00:04:35,834 EXCEPT THE RUSSIAN ELEMENTS 108 00:04:35,834 --> 00:04:39,433 WERE ASSEMBLED USING ROBOTIC ARMS 109 00:04:39,433 --> 00:04:41,166 EITHER ON BOARD THE SHUTTLE 110 00:04:41,166 --> 00:04:45,233 OR ON BOARD THE SSRMS HERE ON THE SPACE STATION ITSELF. 111 00:04:45,233 --> 00:04:48,967 WE CAN EVEN PUT A SPECIAL FOOT RESTRAINT 112 00:04:48,967 --> 00:04:50,467 ON THE END OF THE ARM, 113 00:04:50,467 --> 00:04:53,367 AND AN ASTRONAUT CAN SLIP HIS FEET 114 00:04:53,367 --> 00:04:54,967 INTO THE FOOT RESTRAINT, 115 00:04:54,967 --> 00:04:57,033 AND THEN WE MOVE THAT ASTRONAUT 116 00:04:57,033 --> 00:04:59,433 TO WHEREVER THE WORK SITE MIGHT BE. 117 00:04:59,433 --> 00:05:01,533 - LEARNING TO USE THESE GIGANTIC ROBOTIC ARMS 118 00:05:01,533 --> 00:05:02,934 TAKES A LITTLE PRACTICE. 119 00:05:02,934 --> 00:05:04,967 ASTRONAUTS SPEND MANY MONTHS LEARNING ABOUT 120 00:05:04,967 --> 00:05:07,900 AND PRACTICING TO WORK WITH ROBOTS IN SPACE. 121 00:05:07,900 --> 00:05:10,066 INSTRUCTORS ON EARTH USE HIGH-TECH SIMULATIONS 122 00:05:10,066 --> 00:05:11,533 AND VIRTUAL REALITY ENVIRONMENTS 123 00:05:11,533 --> 00:05:13,533 TO TEACH THE ASTRONAUTS ALL THEY WILL NEED TO KNOW. 124 00:05:13,533 --> 00:05:15,000 DURING HER FIRST SHUTTLE MISSION, 125 00:05:15,000 --> 00:05:18,000 STS-131 ASTRONAUT DOTTIE METCALF-LINDENBURGER 126 00:05:18,000 --> 00:05:19,133 OPERATED THE SHUTTLE ARM 127 00:05:19,133 --> 00:05:21,200 TO INSPECT THE SPACE SHUTTLE FOR DAMAGE. 128 00:05:21,200 --> 00:05:24,133 OTHER MEMBERS OF THE CREW USED THE SPACE STATION'S CANADARM2 129 00:05:24,133 --> 00:05:26,467 TO MOVE THE EQUIPMENT FROM THE SHUTTLE TO THE STATION. 130 00:05:26,467 --> 00:05:29,300 JUST THINK: THE SCIENCE AND MATH YOU'RE LEARNING TODAY 131 00:05:29,300 --> 00:05:30,400 MAY HELP YOU DESIGN 132 00:05:30,400 --> 00:05:32,333 AN EXPLORATION ROBOT OF THE FUTURE. 133 00:05:32,333 --> 00:05:34,200 YOU CAN LEARN MORE ABOUT NASA ROBOTICS 134 00:05:34,200 --> 00:05:36,066 AND FIND OUT ABOUT ROBOTICS COMPETITIONS 135 00:05:36,066 --> 00:05:39,633 FOR STUDENTS LIKE YOU AT: 136 00:05:39,633 --> 00:05:41,467 BE SURE TO CHECK OUT HOW ROBONAUT 2 137 00:05:41,467 --> 00:05:43,734 WILL BE USED TO HELP OUT ON THE ISS. 138 00:05:43,734 --> 00:05:45,667 RIGHT NOW, I'VE GOT A ROBOT TO PROGRAM. 139 00:05:45,667 --> 00:05:47,400 CATCH YOU NEXT TIME ON "REAL WORLD."